ABSTRACT
Aim of the study: Effective CPR training is important for provision of high-quality bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). However, the COVID-19 pandemic has hindered conventional face-to-face CPR training. To overcome the limitation, we developed a distance learning CPR training course (HEROS-Remote) that utilized a smartphone app and a delivery-collection system for CPR training manikins. The objective of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of the HEROSRemote course by comparing chest compression quality between trainees who participated in the conventional CPR training (C-training) and HEROS-Remote course (R-training). Method(s): The non-inferiority trial included adult nonhealthcare providers who applied for CPR training. Both groups underwent 2-minute post-training chest compression test followed by course survey on trainees' course and delivery system satisfaction. The primary outcome of the study was mean chest compression depth during the 2-minute post-training test. Result(s): A total of 180 trainees were enrolled with 90 trainees for each training group. There was no statistically significant difference in chest compression depth between R-training and C-training groups (67.4 vs. 67.8, p=0.78) as well as proportion of adequate chest compression depth, chest compression rate, proportion of chest compressions with complete chest recoil and chest compression score (90.8 vs. 92.1, p=0.69;110.8 vs. 110.4, p=0.60;89.8 vs. 94.7, p=0.05;92.7 vs. 95.5, p=0.16, respectively). In the R-training group, 90.0% of the trainees were satisfied with the course, 96% responded that the delivery system was satisfactory and convenient. Conclusion(s): The R-training course was noninferior to the C-training course. The distance learning CPR training method utilizing smartphone app and mannikin delivery-collection system had high user satisfaction and was logistically feasible.
ABSTRACT
BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic has created challenges and led to the massive closure of in-person CPR trainings globally. We developed a mobile application-based real-time CPR training solution named HEROS-Remote, which combines instructors, learners, training contents, and CPR feedback in just one app. In this study, we investigated the usability, acceptability, and feasibility of the HEROS-Remote CPR training solution among community lay people.MethodFrom August to November 2021, HEROS Remote pilot study was conducted in Seoul, Korea. During the study period, 164 learners participated in 22 HEROS-Remote sessions. Before the training, CPR training material, including Little Anne QCPR manikin, was delivered to the individual learner. After one-hour chest compression-only HEROS Remote online training, the learners participated in-depth survey on their experiences of HEROS Remote online training.ResultsA total 152 learners (92.7%) responded to the survey. Overall, 88.1% of the learners were satisfied with the HEROS Remote training and 85.5% responded that they would recommend online training to others. Majority of the learners (37.3% strongly agree;41.3% agree) also agreed with the easiness of using the HEROS Remote app. Manikin delivery service was highly satisfactory (97%). However, major challenge for this online solution was that the quality of the training highly depended on internet connectivity.ConclusionThis study provides evidence of the feasibility and acceptability of a novel online, real-time CPR training solution. Further research is needed to investigate the effectiveness of online CPR training versus face-to-face training.Conflict of interestSYJK, HM, TSB are employees of Laerdal Medical.FundingSeoul Metropolitan Government.
ABSTRACT
In the wake of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, inactivating bioaerosols became a pivotal issue which helps to prevent the transmittance of SARS-CoV-2. Thus, the current study was conducted to investigate a potential inactivating method using both ozone (O-3) and ultraviolet C (UVC). Individual and integrated effects of O-3 and UVC were compared. A solution containing approximately 4 similar to 7.3 x 10(6) CFU/mL of Salmonella typhimurium bacteria was used to produce bacteria droplets. These droplets were exposed to O-3 and UVC to determine the reduction rate of bacteria. The exposure times were set as 1 and 30 minutes. Ozone concentrations were 100 and 200 ppmv. UVC-LEDs were used as a UVC source. Peak wavelength of the UVC-LED was 275 nm and the irradiation dose was 0.77 mW/cm(2). In terms of O-3 and UVC-LED interaction, 194 ppmv styrene was used as a target compound to be removed. Considering the O-3 and UVC-LED interaction, the presence of O-3 could reduce the performance of the UVC-LED, and UVC-LED could also reduce significant amount of O-3. The sequence of O-3 and UVC-LED treatment was as follows: O-3 was exposed at first, then UVC-LED, and this order showed the best reduction ratio ( > 99.9%). Therefore, if O-3 and UVC-LED is used to disinfect Salmonella typhimurium bacteria contained in droplets, bacteria should be separately exposed to O-3 and UVC-LED in order to improve the inactivation efficiency.